Patterns of Resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus in chronic suppurative otitis Media: Cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59736/IJP.24.02.1073Keywords:
Antibiotic Susceptibility, Otitis Media, Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosaAbstract
Background: This study determines the resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with chronic otitis media
Methods: A Cross-sectional Observational study was conducted; a total of 191 aural swabs were sent from chronic suppurative otitis media patients. Resistance profiles were determined by standard culture and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method in accordance with CLSI 24 Guidelines. Data was analysed by SPSS Version 27.0
Results: Of total 191 cultures, 160 (83.8%) demonstrated bacterial growth. Among culture-positive samples, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 56 (35.0%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 51 (31.9%). In this cohort, more than expected resistance to oxacillin was observed among S. aureus isolates, which is used as a surrogate for methicillin-resistant and P. Aeruginosa exhibited substantial resistance to commonly used empiric fluoroquinolones, with 45.1 % resistant to ciprofloxacin and 39.2 % resistant to levofloxacin. Meanwhile, they showed less resistance to aminoglycosides, with only 29.4% resistant to Gentamycin and 33.3% resistant to Tobramycin. Marked sensitivity to restrained antibiotics such as Piperacillin/Tazobactam (80.4%) and Carbapenems (Imipenem 100%, Meropenem 98%) was observed
Staphylococcus aureus showed marked sensitivity to Vancomycin (98.2%) and Linezolid (96.4%) which are reserved antibiotics, meanwhile, exhibited a high resistance to Oxacillin (64.3%) and substantial resistance to erythromycin (53.6%).
Conclusion: Growing resistance to commonly used empiric topical antibiotics should be a concern and routine culture driven antibiotics should be incorporated into practice. Meanwhile, Prudent use of reserve antibiotics is essential. Vancomycin and linezolid should be used cautiously for S. aureus, while piperacillin–tazobactam and carbapenems should be reserved for appropriately selected P. aeruginosa infections to help preserve their future effectiveness.
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